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Shuttering or formwork

Shuttering (also termed formwork) is a temporary structure that is used to contain concrete until it hardens sufficiently to hold its own shape. The shuttering must be sturdy and capable of bearing the weight of the concrete and the force of any vibration equipment. There are two main shuttering materials, steel and timber. Shuttering is coated with release agents to prevent the dried concrete from adhering to it.

Key environmental issues include:

• disposal of materials at end of useful life (when not appropriate to re-use/recycle again)
• ensure careful handling and storage to maximise the potential for reuse of formwork
• ensure release agents are stored and handled with care to minimise risk of skin irritation and/or accidental release to the atmosphere or water environment
• reuse and recycling of used materials where appropriate (e.g. for use on-site)
• waste minimisation (e.g. efficient use of materials to reduce offcuts).

Key references:

• CIRIA C528 Environmental handbook for building and civil engineering projects. Part 2: construction phase.
• CIRIA C558 Permanent formwork in construction

Go to relevant Guidance.

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